Overview
The Bắc Hà dog is a medium-sized, double-coated spitz from northern Vietnam, especially the Bắc Hà and Si Ma Cai districts of Lào Cai province. The Hmong people have long kept it for hunting and guarding.
It is one of Vietnam's Four Great National Dogs. The Vietnam Kennel Association recognises it, although the FCI does not.
History
Much of its history is uncertain, but it is thought to descend from heavy-coated mountain dogs of southern China that came with the Hmong when they migrated to Vietnam.
Hmong legend says a dhole came down from the mountains and mated with the village dogs, producing fierce red puppies, the first Bắc Hà dogs. In 2020 a Bắc Hà called Sói won the Vietnamese Native Breeds Championship Dog Show.
Appearance
Males stand about 52 to 58 cm and weigh 22 to 28 kg, and females are a little smaller at 50 to 56 cm and 18 to 24 kg. The skull is large and round with a broad flat forehead, triangular ears and almond-shaped eyes.
The double coat forms a mane around the neck and shoulders, and the tail is heavily feathered.
Temperament
Fiercely loyal and protective of family, with a wary, alert nature suited to guarding. It is highly intelligent and quick to learn commands.
It needs an experienced owner who socialises it early and handles it firmly but kindly.
Care and exercise
An active working type that needs daily exercise, a secure yard and early socialisation. Mental tasks help channel its hunting and guarding drive.
Brush the double coat weekly, and more often during heavy shedding.
