{"data":{"id":1813,"lang":"en","title":"Brain Scans Reveal Autism Is Likely at Least Two Distinct Conditions","summary":"An IIT- and Child Mind Institute-led study in Nature Neuroscience finds autism has at least two biologically distinct brain-connectivity subtypes.","category":"science","category_label":"Science","published_at":"2026-06-11T14:02:08Z","updated_at":"2026-06-11T14:02:08Z","url":"https://techtools.cz/tools/news/article/1813-brain-scans-reveal-autism-is-likely-at-least-two-distinct-conditions","api_url":"https://techtools.cz/news-api/v1/articles/1813?lang=en","markdown_url":"https://techtools.cz/news-api/v1/articles/1813.md?lang=en","image_url":"https://www.sciencedaily.com/images/1920/brain-scan-color-black-and-white.webp","word_count":163,"reading_time_minutes":1,"sources":[{"url":"https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2026/06/260602021634.htm","domain":"sciencedaily.com"},{"url":"https://medicalxpress.com/news/2026-06-autism-distinct-subtypes-based-brain.html","domain":"medicalxpress.com"}],"translation":{"lang":"cs","id":1886,"title":"Snímky mozku ukazují, že autismus jsou pravděpodobně nejméně dvě odlišné poruchy","url":"https://techtools.cz/tools/news/clanek/1886-snimky-mozku-ukazuji-ze-autismus-jsou-pravdepodobne-nejmene-dve-odlisne-poruchy","api_url":"https://techtools.cz/news-api/v1/articles/1886?lang=cs"},"content":"An international team led by the Italian Institute of Technology (IIT) and the Child Mind Institute in New York has found that autism is not a single condition but likely at least two biologically distinct subtypes, each defined by a different pattern of brain communication. The findings were published in Nature Neuroscience.\n\nCombining functional brain scans from 940 children and young adults with autism, comparison data from more than 1,000 neurotypical people, and 20 genetically engineered mouse models, the researchers identified a hypoconnectivity subtype, where brain regions communicate less than usual and which is linked to synaptic pathways, and a hyperconnectivity subtype, where communication is increased and which is tied to immune-related biological systems.\n\nThe cross-species approach let the team trace specific genetic and immune signatures from mice to human brain scans. Crucially, about 75 percent of autistic participants did not fit cleanly into either group, so the work is an early step toward biology-based subtyping rather than a finished diagnostic tool."}}